NURS 6501 Week 2: Compensatory Mechanisms

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NURS 6501: Advanced Pathophysiology | Week 2

Whether a person realizes it or not, his or her body regularly uses compensatory mechanisms such as adaptive and maladaptive responses. These compensatory mechanisms help the body respond to stressors or triggers. Perhaps you have heard a patient complain that his or her food “just didn’t go down right,” resulting in a coughing spell. Maybe you have treated a child with scabs on his or her arms and legs. These are automatic physiological responses that a person cannot control and that may sometimes result in adverse health effects, such as hives. As an advanced practice nurse, it is important that you are able to identify the root of compensatory mechanisms and underlying responses. Which compensatory mechanisms are related to which disorders? Is the presenting mechanism positive and adaptive, or is it maladaptive and in need of control? What are appropriate management strategies?

Since the physical and emotional impact of musculoskeletal, autoimmune, and integumentary disorders varies from patient to patient, associated alterations and symptoms vary as well. For this reason, you must have a solid understanding of these disorders in order to properly diagnose patients.

This week you examine compensatory mechanisms and physiological responses of disorders and the pathophysiology of musculoskeletal disorders. You also explore the impact of patient factors on the pathophysiology of disorders and resulting compensatory mechanisms, and the impact of patient factors on the disorders.

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Learning Objectives

Students will:

  • Compare maladaptive and physiological responses of immune disorders
  • Evaluate the impact of patient factors on the pathophysiology of immune disorders
  • Compare the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis
  • Evaluate the impact of patient factors on arthritis
  • Analyze the pathophysiology of disorders
  • Assess adaptive responses to alterations
  • Evaluate clinical considerations of disorders
  • Understand and apply key terms, concepts, and principles related to adaptive and compensatory mechanisms
  • Understand and apply key terms, concepts, and principles related to alterations of the musculoskeletal, autoimmune, and integumentary systems

NURS 6501 Week 2: Compensatory Mechanisms essay assignment

Maladaptive responses to disorders are compensatory mechanisms that ultimately have adverse health effects for patients. For instance, a patient’s allergic reaction to peanuts might lead to anaphylactic shock, or a patient struggling with depression might develop a substance abuse problem. To properly diagnose and treat patients, advanced practice nurses must understand both the pathophysiology of disorders and potential maladaptive responses that some disorders cause.

Consider immune disorders such as HIV, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, and systemic lupus E. What are resulting maladaptive responses for patients with these disorders?

To Prepare

  • Review Chapter 6 and Chapter 8 in the Huether and McCance text. Reflect on the concept of maladaptive responses to disorders.
  • Select two of the following immune disorders: HIV, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, or systemic lupus E (SLE).
  • Identify the pathophysiology of each disorder you selected. Consider the compensatory mechanisms that the disorders trigger. Then compare the resulting maladaptive and physiological responses of the two disorders.
  • Select one of the following factors: genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, or behavior. Reflect on how the factor might impact your selected immune disorders.

NURS 6501 Week 2: Compensatory Mechanisms essay assignment

By Day 3

Post a brief description of the pathophysiology of your selected immune disorders. Explain how the maladaptive and physiological responses of the two disorders differ. Finally, explain how the factor you selected might impact the pathophysiology of each disorder.

Note: For this Discussion, you are required to complete your initial post before you will be able to view and respond to your colleagues’ postings. Begin by clicking on the “Post to Discussion Question” link and then select “Create Thread” to complete your initial post. Remember, once you click on Submit, you cannot delete or edit your own posts, and you cannot post anonymously. Please check your post carefully before clicking on Submit!

Read a selection of your colleagues’ responses.

By Day 5

Respond to at least two of your colleagues on two different days who selected different immune disorders and/or factors than you, in the following ways:

  • Share insights on how the factor you selected impacts the pathophysiology of the immune disorder your colleague selected.
  • Expand on your colleague’s posting by providing additional insights or contrasting perspectives based on readings and evidence.

NURS 6501 Week 2: Compensatory Mechanisms essay assignment

Discussion 2: Arthritis

While arthritis impacts nearly 50 million adults in the United States, it is not a disease that is limited to adulthood. Consider the case of Ashley Russell. At the age of 14 months, Ashley was diagnosed with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. As a baby, her parents noticed that her knee was always swollen and that she often wanted to be carried instead of walking on her own (Cyr, 2012). After seeking medical care, Ashley’s underlying disorder was discovered. Arthritis in children is not uncommon. According to the CDC (2011), an estimated 294,000 children under age 18 have some form of arthritis or rheumatic condition. Due to the prevalence of the disorder in both children and adults, you must understand the pathophysiology and symptoms of arthritis in order to properly diagnose and prescribe treatment.

To Prepare

  • Review Chapter 37 in the Huether and McCance text and Chapter 24 in the Hammer and McPhee text. Identify the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Consider the similarities and differences of the disorders.
  • Select two of the following patient factors: genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, or behavior. Reflect on how the factors you selected might impact the pathophysiology of the disorders, as well as the diagnosis of and treatment for the disorders.

NURS 6501 Week 2: Compensatory Mechanisms essay assignment

By Day 4

Post a description of the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, including the similarities and differences between the disorders. Then explain how the factors you selected might impact the pathophysiology of the disorders, as well as the diagnosis of treatment for the disorders.

Note: For this Discussion, you are required to complete your initial post before you will be able to view and respond to your colleagues’ postings. Begin by clicking on the “Post to Discussion Question” link and then select “Create Thread” to complete your initial post. Remember, once you click on Submit, you cannot delete or edit your own posts, and you cannot post anonymously. Please check your post carefully before clicking on Submit!

Read a selection of your colleagues’ responses.

By Day 6

Respond to at least two of your colleagues on two different days who selected different factors than you, in one or more of the following ways:

  • Offer alternative diagnoses and prescription of treatment options for osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.
  • Share an insight from having read your colleague’s posting, synthesizing the information to provide new perspectives.

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